TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

	TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
	Emerging role for astroglial networks in information processing: from synapse to behavior Ulrike Pannasch, Nathalie Rouach. • Astrocytes are organized in extensive and plastic gap-junction mediated networks. • We evaluate their role in synaptic activity, neuronal circuit dynamics and behav.... Read More » Neurons and circuits for odor processing in the piriform cortex John M. Bekkers, Norimitsu Suzuki. • The piriform cortex (PC) is critical for olfactory processing in mammals. • The PC is increasingly studied as a model circuit for cortical sensory processing. •.... Read More » Where no synapses go: gatekeepers of circuit remodeling and synaptic strength Yevgeniya A. Mironova, Roman J. Giger. • Insights into the physiology of CNS regeneration inhibitors in the naïve brain. • CNS regeneration inhibitors serve as negative regulators of synaptic plasticity. Read More » Steady or changing? Long-term monitoring of neuronal population activity Henry Lütcke, David J. Margolis, Fritjof Helmchen. • We review in vivo chronic extracellular recording and two-photon calcium-imaging studies that address the question of the stability of neuronal population activi.... Read More » Autophagy in axonal and dendritic degeneration Yi Yang, Michael Coleman, Lihui Zhang, Xiaoxiang Zheng, Zhenyu Yue. • Neuritic degeneration is a pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. • Autophagy regulates protein and organelle homeostasis in axons and dendrites.<.... Read More » Metabolic signaling by lactate in the brain L. Felipe Barros. • Synaptic activity is accompanied by a transient rise in brain tissue lactate concentration. • The rise in lactate is explained by acute stimulation of glycolysis in.... Read More » How to erase memory traces of pain and fear Jürgen Sandkühler, Jonathan Lee. • Currently emerging concepts of maladaptive pain and fear suggest that they share basic neuronal circuits and cellular mechanisms of memory formation. • Recent studi.... Read More » Emerging roles of metaplasticity in behaviour and disease Sarah R. Hulme, Owen D. Jones, Wickliffe C. Abraham. • A framework for potential roles of metaplasticity in vivo is presented. • Metaplasticity can prepare synapses and networks for learning. • Metapla.... Read More » Development of human embryonic stem cell therapies for age-related macular degeneration Amanda-Jayne F. Carr, Matthew J.K. Smart, Conor M. Ramsden, Michael B. Powner, Lyndon da Cruz, Peter J. Coffey. • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in older adults. Recent research for treating AMD has focused on replacing the retinal pigmen.... Read More » Why size matters – balancing mitochondrial dynamics in Alzheimer's disease Brian DuBoff, Mel Feany, Jürgen Götz. • Mitochondria provide energy, buffer calcium ions, and regulate apoptosis. • Mitochondrial dynamics is the term describing their regulated fusion and fission. • .... Read More » Dissecting the diversity of midbrain dopamine neurons Jochen Roeper. • There are distinct phenotypes of midbrain dopamine neurons with segregated axonal projections. • The differential inputome for midbrain dopamine subpopulations is d.... Read More » Neurons as targets for T cells in the nervous system Roland S. Liblau, Daniel Gonzalez-Dunia, Heinz Wiendl, Frauke Zipp. Accumulating evidence shows that T cells penetrate the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma in several autoimmune, infectious, and degenerative neurological diseases. The structural and functio.... Read More »