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Thursday, November 5, 2015

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Cosmic Soufflé: The Tricky Art of Spiral Galaxies

Paul Sutter is a visiting scholar at The Ohio State University's Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP). Julia Child and Alton Brown make it look so easy, but it's a real devil to cook it just so to get that stratospheric tower of deliciousness. So how do you cook a spiral galaxy?

Space Travel and A Futurist's Thoughts on Trash (Op-Ed)

Since the dawn of the Industrial Age, humans have made the environment's health a secondary consideration, at best. Pollution has reached the point where a cleanup of our environment — on a macro scale with heavy equipment — is impractical, and despite present efforts, humanity is losing the fight to manage trash. Commercial and government-mandated recycling can't cope with the sheer volume of trash, and these programs only excel at processing such material as paper, aluminum and steel.

Bad-Rap Bats in Danger of Extinction Around the World (Photos)

Ricardo Antunes is a conservation biologist at the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). Julie Larsen Maher is staff photographer for WCS, the first woman to hold the position since the society's founding in 1895. In addition to documenting her field visits, Maher photographs the animals at WCS's five New York-based wildlife parks: the Bronx Zoo, Central Park Zoo, New York Aquarium, Prospect Park Zoo and Queens Zoo.

Capturing Cacti Before They Disappear: Q&A with Cacti Curator John Trager

Cacti and succulents do. In conditions of less and less water availability, cacti and succulents can continue to cover our gardenscapes, bringing beauty while conserving precious water resources. Zina Deretsky: How are cacti and succulents important in the wild, and in gardens?

Got the Right Stuff? NASA Is Recruiting New Astronauts

Calling all aspiring astronauts: NASA announced today (Nov. 4) that it will be accepting applications starting in December for its next round of astronaut training. Currently, there are 47 active members in NASA's astronaut corp., with the last group of new astronauts selected in 2013. Applications for the new class will be accepted from mid-December through mid-February, and those selected to begin astronaut training will be announced in mid-2017.

Halloween Asteroid Not So Spooky in New Photos

New photos show the less spooky side of the big asteroid that flew past Earth on Halloween.

NASA to Unveil New Findings About Mars' Atmosphere Thursday

NASA will reveal new results about the atmosphere of Mars this Thursday (Nov. 5), and you can watch the action live. The space agency is hosting a news conference on Thursday at 2 p.m. EST (1900 GMT) to "announce new findings on [the] fate of Mars' atmosphere," according to a NASA media advisory. You can watch the news conference live here at Space.com, courtesy of NASA TV.

Scientists tinker with evolution to save Hawaii coral reefs

COCONUT ISLAND, Hawaii (AP) — Scientists are preparing to transplant laboratory-enhanced coral onto reefs in Hawaii in hopes that the high-performing specimens will strengthen the overall health of the reef.

Mysterious Dark Matter May Not Always Have Been Dark

Dark matter particles may have interacted extensively with normal matter long ago, when the universe was very hot, a new study suggests. Astronomers began suspecting the existence of dark matter when they noticed the cosmos seemed to possess more mass than stars could account for. Most scientists think dark matter provides the gravity that helps hold these stars back.

Flying Telescope Catches Glimpse of Alien Planet

Studies of exoplanets normally have been confined to either outer space or the ground. "Exoplanets are rare events that are sometimes hard to observe from a fixed ground-based telescope," Daniel Angerhausen, a postdoctoral fellow at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, told Space.com by email.

Oil Spill Aftermath: Why Baby Dolphins May Be Rare in Gulf Waters

Bottlenose dolphins swimming in waters affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill are dying earlier and birthing fewer calves than dolphins living in other areas, a new study shows. Just 20 percent of pregnant dolphins in Barataria Bay — a part of the Gulf of Mexico that was most heavily tainted by oil from the spill — gave birth to surviving calves, much lower than the 83 percent success rate in other dolphin populations, the researchers found. In addition, just 86.8 percent of the Barataria Bay dolphins survive every year.

Man Dies After Tapeworm Inside Him Gets Cancer

A Colombian man's lung tumors turned out to have an extremely unusual cause: The rapidly growing masses weren't actually made of human cells, but were from a tapeworm living inside him, according to a report of the case. This is the first known report of a person becoming sick from cancer cells that developed in a parasite, the researchers said. "We were amazed when we found this new type of disease — tapeworms growing inside a person, essentially getting cancer, that spreads to the person, causing tumors," said study researcher Dr. Atis Muehlenbachs, a staff pathologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch (IDPB).

Better Instructions for Tattoo Care Could Prevent Infections, Doctors Say

People who get tattoos need better instructions on how to properly care for their skin afterward, and most states need stronger guidelines for tattoo artists about this topic, a new opinion paper suggests. Only seven states in the U.S. — Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan and North Dakota — have strong policies, requiring that licensed tattoo artists provide customers with instructions on tattoo "aftercare" that has received prior approval from state public health officials, the skin care experts wrote. Such instructions can prevent skin infections after a person gets inked, according to the paper, published online today (Nov. 4) in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Dermatology.

Can Prenatal Choline Cut Schizophrenia Risk in Kids?

In an update to a recent study, researchers say they are continuing to find evidence that women who take supplements containing choline when they're pregnant may lower the risk of schizophrenia in their children. The children in the study are now 4 years old, and are already showing fewer early signs of schizophrenia — such as certain attention and social problems — than expected, said Dr. Robert Freedman at a talk in New York City on Oct. 23. Half of the children in the study had an increased risk for schizophrenia because their mothers had depression, anxiety or psychosis. Freedman, the chairman of the department of psychiatry at the University of Colorado School of Medicine and editor in chief of The American Journal of Psychiatry, gave attendees at the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation symposium an update on the participants in his study, which was originally published in 2013 in The American Journal of Psychiatry.

Scientists crack mystery of Mars' missing atmosphere - the sun did it

By Irene Klotz CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (Reuters) - Scientists have documented a solar storm blasting away Mars' atmosphere, an important clue in a long-standing mystery of how a planet that was once like Earth turned into a cold, dry desert, research published on Thursday shows. Unlike Earth, Mars does not have a global magnetic field to protect its atmosphere, leaving it vulnerable to solar ultraviolet radiation and high-energy blasts of gas and magnetic particles that stream from the sun during solar storms. On March 8, NASA's Mars-orbiting MAVEN spacecraft caught such a storm stripping away the planet's atmosphere, according to a report published in this week's issue of the journal Science.

Scientists crack mystery of Mars' missing atmosphere -the sun did it

Watch your mouth: Allosaurus had monstrously gaping jaws

By Will Dunham WASHINGTON (Reuters) - You might call the Jurassic Period meat-eating dinosaur Allosaurus the ultimate big mouth. A new study analyzing dinosaur jaw musculature found that this fearsome hunter that prowled North America about 150 million years ago was able to crank open its jaws between 79 and 92 degrees, wider than a right angle. With a skull length of about 3 feet (90 cm), that means a jaw gape of more than 31 inches (80 cm), a terrifying threat to the plant-eating dinosaurs stalked by Allosaurus, a beast more than 33 feet (10 meters) long.

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Wednesday, November 4, 2015

FeedaMail: Science News Headlines - Yahoo! News

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Bill Nye, Neil deGrasse Tyson Celebrate 35 Years of The Planetary Society

Led by Bill Nye "The Science Guy," with help from astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, space exploration advocacy organization The Planetary Society recently celebrated its 35th anniversary and the opening of its new headquarters in Pasadena, California. Founded in 1980 by a group of scientists that included famed astronomer and science popularizer Carl Sagan, the nonprofit Planetary Society is "the largest and most influential public space organization group on Earth," according to its website. In 2010, Nye took the job of chief executive officer for the organization.

Newfound Moon Craters Point to Asteroid Puzzle

Newfound lunar craters suggest that asteroids that smashed into the moon long ago were very different from the ones that now occupy the asteroid belt, researchers say. Scientists think swarms of asteroids and comets pummeled Earth, the moon and the other worlds of the inner solar system during an era known as the Late Heavy Bombardment about 4.1 billion to 3.8 billion years ago. The many giant, round craters known as lunar basins that pockmark the moon's surface now stand as mute testimony to this violent time.

NASA must take more care about rocket parts after accident: probe

By Irene Klotz CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla (Reuters) - - Independent NASA accident investigators said the U.S. space agency should "perform a greater level of due diligence for major system components" in rockets that deliver cargo to the International Space Station following a 2014 explosion. The recommendation came in the investigators' report on the explosion of Orbital ATK's Antares rocket that destroyed a load of cargo for the space station. It may spur calls for more oversight of NASA's use of commercial contracts to deliver cargo - and soon crew members - to the space station.

Ultrasonic bubbles give cold water bug-killing cleaning power

By Matthew Stock A hand-held device that infuses a gentle stream of regular cold water with ultrasound to turn it into a highly effective cleaning tool has been developed by British scientists, who say it could reduce dependence on traditional detergents and help combat anti-microbial resistance. The device, known as Starstream, passes a gentle stream of water through a nozzle that generates ultrasound and bubbles.

Giant Wyoming Crack Explained: A Landslide Brought It Down

A gaping crack the length of six football fields that opened up in a matter of one to two weeks in northern Wyoming is likely the product of a landslide, geologists said. A hunter looking for antelope discovered the jagged gash near Ten Sleep, a town in rural Wyoming by the Bighorn Mountains, on Oct. 1, reported 9NEWS, a local CBS channel in Wyoming. "I was stunned," Randy Becker, the hunter with SNS Outfitter and Guides who found the crack, told CBS Denver.

Autumn's Night Skies Offer the Best of Summer ... and Winter

Looking toward the west (to the right in the graphic), you can see the familiar constellations of summer. Above Capricornus, just to the left of Altair, is the tiny constellation Delphinus, the dolphin, one of the few constellations that actually looks like its name. It's worth also exploring the region between Altair and Albireo, where you will find two of the finest deep-sky objects: Brocchi's Cluster, popularly called "the coat hanger," and the Dumbbell Nebula, one of the largest and brightest planetary nebulae.

Sally Ride's Life Shines in New Photobiography Book for Kids

A new children's photobiography of Sally Ride, the first American woman to fly in space, traces the course of her life in pictures and stories compiled by her partner of 27 years — offering a rare opportunity to get to know the famously private astronaut. "Sally Ride: A Photobiography of America's Pioneering Woman in Space" (Roaring Brook Press, 2015) profusely illustrated with photos and artifacts from Ride's life, O'Shaughnessy draws from all those eras to paint a full picture of her, pointing the way for any young person wondering what the life of an astronaut is like and what it takes to become one. Space.com talked with O'Shaughnessy about writing the biography and what she hopes people will take away from Ride's story.

Alan Alda's Challenge: Can you Explain Sound to an 11-Year-Old?

The winning answer will help not only children across the world understand sound, but also the contest's founder, actor Alan Alda. Alda is known for his work on the TV series "M*A*S*H" and "The West Wing," and now heads the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science at Stony Brook University in New York. In fact, Alda started the competition based on an experience he had at age 11.

Why Do Sand Dune Avalanches Boom, Burp and Sing?

The booming and burping sounds each correspond to different classes of waves within the sand dune, they found. During the investigation, researchers visited Eureka Dunes in Death Valley and Dumont Dunes in the Mojave Desert — or what the researchers called the "very hot and sandy dunes in California" — for a total of 25 summer days, study lead researcher Nathalie Vriend said in a statement. Vriend completed the research while a doctoral student at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, but now is a research fellow in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge in England.

Robin Williams' Death: What Is Lewy Body Dementia?

Although actor Robin Williams died by suicide, the underlying cause of his death was a rare brain disease called Lewy body dementia, according to his widow. The disease caused Williams to experience hallucinations and other debilitating neurological symptoms, including depression, Susan Schneider Williams, widow of the late actor, told People magazine in a recent interview. "It was not depression that killed Robin," Schneider Williams said in the interview.

Rare Multistate Outbreaks Cause the Most Foodborne Illness Deaths, CDC Says

The reason that a relatively high proportion of deaths come from this small percentage of outbreaks is that the multistate outbreaks tend to involve more lethal types of bacteria contamination, CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden said at a news conference today (Nov. 3). "Multistate foodborne disease outbreaks are the most deadly type of foodborne outbreak, despite accounting for only a small portion of reported outbreaks in the United States," Frieden said in a statement. The most recent multistate outbreak involves E. coli contamination in food from Chipotle Mexican Grill.

Anti-Vaccination Websites Use 'Distorted' Science, Researchers Find

Many websites that promote unscientific views about vaccinations use pseudoscience and misinformation to spread the idea that vaccines are dangerous, according to a new study. For example, of the nearly 500 anti-vaccination websites examined in the study, nearly two-thirds claimed that vaccines cause autism, the researchers found. About two-thirds of the websites used information that they represented as scientific evidence, but in fact was not, to support their claims that vaccines are dangerous, and about one-third used people's anecdotes to reinforce those claims, the scientists found.

Acra at Last? Site of Ancient Jewish Revolt Unearthed

Archaeologists in Jerusalem may have just solved one of the city's greatest geographical mysteries. Excavators recently unearthed what they think are the ruins of the Acra, a fortress constructed more than 2,000 years ago by the Greek ruler Antiochus IV Epiphanes (215-164 B.C.). At one time mercenary soldiers and Hellenized Jews controlled the ancient fortress, enforcing a brutal rule over Jerusalem's residents.

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